As the 2026 Winter Olympics kick off with projected record-setting representation of women athletes, the GenderSci Lab is excited to share a video explainer of how gendered social factors contribute to a higher risk of injury for women athletes. 

Using animations and short interviews with GenderSci Lab researchers, the video unpacks our recent research paper in the British Journal of Sports Medicine demonstrating how factors related to the history of underinvestment in women's sport such as smaller team sizes and lower ratios of practice to competition time may drive observations of higher rates of ACL injuries in women athletes. 

In a peer-reviewed paper recently published in Big Data and Society and led by Kelsey Ichikawa and Marion Boulicault, GenderSci Lab members explore the use of sex stratification in applications of machine learning in medical research and argue that current practices risk embedding biological sex essentialist assumptions into medical science. These practices include the creation of distinct algorithms for males and females (what we call “pink and blue algorithms”), the use of machine learning to identify distinct male and female patterns in disease, and the incorporation of gender/sex variables as predictors in algorithms for disease risk and detection. 

Over the course of nearly a decade, the GenderSci Lab (GSL) has developed incisive analyses, approaches, frameworks, and methods for thinking critically about sex and gender in biomedicine. Our new article “Three Maxims for Countering Sex Essentialism in Scientific Research” in the journal Biology of Sex Differences synthesizes lessons from GSL research into concrete and portable recommendations for biomedical researchers. Through the examples of gender/sex disparities in adverse drug events, COVID-19, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, we offer guidance for avoiding the pitfalls of sex essentialism and producing better science. The article is designed for researchers, reviewers, and editors aiming to produce more rigorous science as well as for instructors and students at the undergraduate or graduate level interested in exploring common problems in sex essentialist research. 

This week, members of the GenderSci Lab published a new piece in the New England Journal of Medicine. Authored by the Lab’s historians of medicine and science, Ben Maldonado, Jamie Marsella, Abbie Higgins, and Sarah Richardson, this piece traces how authors in the Journal articulated harmful ideas of innate sex difference.

Our piece in this Cell special issue considers how, in the context of policies mandating the consideration of sex (such as the NIH’s Sex as a Biological Variable policy), basic scientists can operationalize, analyze, and interpret sex-related variation in ways that achieve conceptual and statistical rigor, as well as precision in how such knowledge is applied in the clinic and beyond. 

This week, the GenderSci Lab has a new paper out in Social Studies of Science, “Making a ‘Sex-Difference Fact’: Ambien Dosing at the Interface of Policy, Regulation, Women’s Health, and Biology (open access).” The paper analyzes the first drug ever to be issued with an FDA mandated differential dose for men and women on the drug’s label.

To help bring sex contextualist frameworks into the laboratory, we wrote this condensed, portable, 1-page document that answers common questions about sex contextualist approaches in experimental design, execution, and reporting.

Recently lab director Sarah Richardson published a paper proposing sex contextualism as a new model for conceptualizing and operationalizing sex in biomedical research. We take a moment to unpack sex contextualism with Sarah, digging into both the substance and the implications of her argument.

GSL made a teaching slidedeck that walks through the central ideas of Richardson’s paper “Sex Contextualism,” with the aim of equipping students with critical tools for understanding sex contextualism as a conceptual and practical framework and why it matters.

Last week was big news for LGBTQ+ rights in the US. Two major pieces of law came out just days apart, changing the landscape of sex-based anti-discrimination law and the way sex is understood in federal law. In this post, we briefly outline these new legislative policies, consider the implications for LGBTQ+ rights in the US, and think about how this changes legal reliance on biological claims about sex.

Does athletic performance vary systematically across the menstrual cycle? Attempts to quantify changes in athletic performance have yielded mixed results.

The public health perils of overstating sex differences

Where is gender in the biosocial moment?

Two recent papers challenge the idea that men evolved to prefer slim women with small waists because they are healthier and more fertile.

Brain sex-difference research usually focuses on average differences between men and women. Neuroscientist Daphna Joel challenges this approach by asking, “Wait! What exactly do you mean by ‘difference’?”

The SWHR task force operationalizes ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ as research variables with sweeping explanatory potential in biomedicine. The manner in which they do so reveals a theoretical gulf between a widely practiced genre of bioscience knowledge production in women’s health research and critical feminist approaches to science, medicine, and the body.